What Is Artificial Intelligence? Alpha. Go, the computer program that beat a world champion at Go, acts rationally when it plays the game (it plays to win). But it doesn't necessarily think the way a human being does, though it engages in some of the same pattern- recognition tasks. Similarly, a machine that acts like a human doesn't necessarily bear much resemblance to people in the way it processes information. Decades of research and speculative fiction have led to today's computerized assistants such as Apple's Siri.
Credit: by Karl Tate, Infographics Artist. Even IBM's Watson, which acted somewhat like a human when playing Jeopardy, wasn't using anything like the rational processes humans use. Archetypal examples are vision and natural language understanding. Artificial intelligence, as I define it, is the study of getting computers to carry out these tasks. However, computers are still not that good at actually recognizing faces, and the way they do it is different from the way people do. A Google image search, for instance, just looks for images in which the pattern of pixels matches the reference image. More sophisticated face recognition systems look at the dimensions of the face to match them with images that might not be simple face- on photos. Humans process the information rather differently, and exactly how that process works is still something of an open question for neuroscientists and cognitive scientists. For example, Davis and NYU psychology professor Gary Marcus wrote in the Communications of the Association for Computing Machinery of . A robot serving drinks, for example, can be programmed to recognize a request for one, and even to manipulate a glass and pour one. But if a fly lands in the glass the computer still has a tough time deciding whether to pour the drink in and serve it (or not). Computer scientists have taken several approaches to get around that problem. IBM's Watson, for instance, was able to do so well on Jeopardy! Watson, though, would have a difficult time with a simple open- ended conversation. Machines can learn, said Kathleen Mc. Keown, a professor of computer science at Columbia University. Google Translate, for example, uses a large corpus of text in a given language to translate to another language, a statistical process that doesn't involve looking for the . Humans, she said, do something similar, in that we learn languages by seeing lots of examples. In that 2. 01. 3 movie starring Joaquin Phoenix, a man falls in love with an operating system that has consciousness. People are building these conversational assistants, and trying to see how far can we get. Computer scientists have been less successful coming up with an AI that can think the way we expect a human being to, or to act like a human in more than very limited situations. Additional resources. Founded in 1979, the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI) (formerly the American Association for Artificial Intelligence) is a nonprofit. The online version of Artificial Intelligence at ScienceDirect.com, the world's leading platform for high quality peer-reviewed full-text journals.
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